"The assault, which the Sikhs themselves call the Ghallughara,66 was diabolically conceived not only to scathe the Sikh psyche but also to make the “sufficient moral effect from a military point of view not only on those who were present, but more especially throughout the Punjab.”67 That is how Brigadier Dyer had explained his intention when he came to Jallianwala Bagh, near the Golden Temple, to disperse an illegal assembly 65 years ago on 13 April 1919. Dyer had acted impulsively, on his own. Operation Blue Star was not only envisioned and rehearsed in advance, meticulously and in total secrecy, it also aimed at obtaining the maximum number of Sikh victims, largely devout pilgrims unconnected with the political agitation. The facts should speak for themselves." - Ram Narayan Kumar, Reduced to Ashes
Harinder Singh’s conversation covers a range of themes with Mr. Harvinder Singh Phoolka from Sikh, Panjabi, Indian, and International perspectives.
So what makes this historic event a genocide? "It was not riot, it was genocide instead. Hundreds of innocent people were killed. The pain of the kin of riot victims cannot be compensated by even paying crores of rupees."
Multiple Commissions, Committees and Special Investigation Teams (SIT) were set up to investigate the Genocide.
The attacks had a momentous effect on Sikhs across 18 states and over 100 cities in India. More than 30,000 Sikhs were killed throughout India, many of whom were burnt alive. More than 300,000 Sikhs were rendered homeless throughout India.
Two lessons can be drawn from the experience of the Delhi riots: 1. The extent of criminalization of our politics and 2. The unreliability of our police force in a vastly critical situation affecting the livelihood of an entire community.
"It was barely a fortnight since thousands of Sikhs were orphaned, widowed, or rendered homeless in the wake of Prime Minister Indira Gandhi’s assassination...”- Manoj Mitta, HS Phoolka, When A Tree Shook Delhi
The webinar will cover Guru Nanak Sahib’s Response, 18th Century vs 20th Century, State vs Sikh Narrative, 1984 Revelations, and the response today.
How do we remember? How do we advocate? How do we survive? Watch this webinar with three leading voices in the November 1984 Anti-Sikh pogroms study.
Was November 1984 a Genocide? In 1948, India, along with the General Assembly of the United Nations and The Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, defined Genocide.
In “My Bleeding Punjab,” Khushwant Singh speaks of the realization and empathy that arose from the 1984 Genocide. “I realized what Jews must have felt like in Nazi Germany. The killing assumed the proportion of a genocide of the Sikh community.”
On this day, 38 years ago, India’s Prime Minister, Indira Gandhi, is shot dead by two of her bodyguards at Safdarjung road residence. She was rushed to the AIIMS and an announcement was made specifying that both of the bodyguards were Sikhs.
38 years ago today, a mob of men pounced on the cavalcade of the president of India, Giani Zail Singh. Luckily however, the president’s limousine drove past them before the assailants could reach the convoy.
Genocide doesn’t happen in isolation. It is a combination of deep-seated hatred and racism. There are many who will deny the 1984 Genocide. But I remember…
I once met an elderly man who had taken pictures before and after 1984. I asked him: “What was it like photographing 84’?” His response: “I feel like I have been photographing 1984 my entire life.”
The June 1984 army action on the Golden Temple complex – Sri Harimandar Sahib and Akal Takht Sahib – was a tipping point in the Sikh and Indian history 33 years ago.
Dr. Pritpal Singh shares his reflections on the events of 1984 in India against Sikhs, where many innocent lives were lost.
Dr. Pritpal Singh shares his reflections on the events of 1984 in India against Sikhs, where many innocent lives were lost.
The June 1984 army action on the Golden Temple complex – Sri Harimandar Sahib and Akal Takht Sahib – was a tipping point in the Sikh and Indian history 33 years ago.
I once met an elderly man who had taken pictures before and after 1984. I asked him: “What was it like photographing 84’?” His response: “I feel like I have been photographing 1984 my entire life.”
Genocide doesn’t happen in isolation. It is a combination of deep-seated hatred and racism. There are many who will deny the 1984 Genocide. But I remember…
It has been 39 years since the 1984 Sikh Genocide orchestrated by the Indian government. Why is the legal course of action still necessary? What outcomes have been achieved so far, and what else is being pursued?
How do we remember? How do we advocate? How do we survive? In this episode we feature three leading voices in the November 1984 Anti-Sikh pogroms study.
We're taking an in-depth look at the events of Operation Blue Star in 1984 in Amritsar, Panjab. It's considered the third Ghallughara, or massacre, in Sikh history. The Indian government assaulted the sacred Golden Temple Complex and Akal Takht. In this episode, SikhRI's Senior Fellow on Research and Policy speaks to a live audience to provide clarity and context on the operation and it's legacy on the Sikh community. He answers why the attack happened, it's the historical context and why the memory is kept alive in #Remember1984.
We're taking an in-depth look at the events of Operation Blue Star in 1984 in Amritsar, Panjab. It's considered the third Ghallughara, or massacre, in Sikh history. The Indian government assaulted the sacred Golden Temple Complex and Akal Takht. In this episode, SikhRI's Senior Fellow on Research and Policy speaks to a live audience to provide clarity and context on the operation and it's legacy on the Sikh community. He answers why the attack happened, it's the historical context and why the memory is kept alive in #Remember1984.
How do we remember? How do we advocate? How do we survive? In this episode we feature three leading voices in the November 1984 Anti-Sikh pogroms study.
It has been 39 years since the 1984 Sikh Genocide orchestrated by the Indian government. Why is the legal course of action still necessary? What outcomes have been achieved so far, and what else is being pursued?